Web 調査による動画の効果測定－原子力発電の受容につながるのは脱炭素か自給率か－
Measuring the Effectiveness of Videos through a Web Survey:
Which Leads to Acceptance of Nuclear Power, Decarbonization, or Self-sufficiency?

北田　淳子 （Atsuko Kitada）

要約
本研究では，電源選択の判断材料を増やすことを目的とし，脱炭素や自給率の観点から火力発電を減らす必要性や自然変動電源の問題を説明する5本の動画を作成し，20歳代を対象にWeb調査で動画の効果を測定した．以下の結果が得られた．(1) 動画の内容におおむね対応する認知や認識が10～20ポイント増加した．(2) 原子力発電の利用賛成が増加したのは自給率に関する動画であり，火力発電の燃料の輸入依存リスクについての具体的な説明が影響を与えた．また，効果には男女差があり，女性には原子力発電の燃料の備蓄性の利点についての説明を加える必要があった．(3) 脱炭素に関する動画では，日本のCO₂の最大の排出元が火力発電であることや，原子力発電がCO₂を排出しないことへの認識は増えたが，原子力発電の利用賛成に有意な増加はみられなかった．(4) 約5割の人が再生可能エネルギーは一気に増やせないとの認識をもち，「同時同量の原則」など電気の特性や発電量調整の仕組みから自然変動電源の問題を説明しても，そのような認識の増加はみられず，原子力発電の利用賛成にはほぼ変動がなかった．

キーワード    原子力発電の必要性，動画の効果測定，Web 調査, 脱炭素, エネルギー自給率，男女差

Abstract
In this study, we created five videos explaining the need to reduce thermal power generation from the perspectives of decarbonization and self-sufficiency, as well as the issues surrounding variable renewable energy sources, with the aim of increasing the amount of information available for making decisions about power sources. We then measured the effectiveness of the videos using a web survey. The following results were obtained: (1) Awareness and understanding of the videos’ content increased by 10 to 20 points. (2) Support for nuclear power generation increased by watching the video related to self-sufficiency due to specific explanations about the risks of fuel import dependency in thermal power generation. Additionally, we observed gender differences in the effects. For women, it was necessary to add an explanation about the advantages of nuclear fuel stockpiling. (3) In the video related to decarbonization, watching it increased awareness that thermal power generation is the largest source of CO₂ emissions in Japan and that nuclear power generation does not emit CO₂. However, support for the use of nuclear power did not increase statistically significantly. (4) About 50% of respondents recognized that renewable energy cannot be increased all at once. Even after explaining issues with natural variability in power generation, such as the “simultaneous and equal principle” and the characteristics of electricity and power generation adjustment mechanisms, this percentage did not increase. There was also no change in support for nuclear power.

Keywords   necessity of nuclear power, measuring effectiveness of video, web survey, decarbonization, energy self-sufficiency, gender difference

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